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refining crude antimony oxide
Fire Refining of Rough Antimony from Impurities for
Thus, according to thermal studies of the interaction between antimony with impurities and a refining flux, antimony oxide does not interact with sodium phosphorus This product is called crude, liquated, or needle antimony. The liquation residue (12–30 % Sb) can be treated to further improve the recovery of antimony. The Antimony Recovery from End-of-Life Products and Industrial
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Antimony Metallurgy SpringerLink
Electrolytic refining of antimony is mostly realized by electrolysis of solution, where hydrofluoric acid and sulfuric acid solutions are used as electrolyte to generate Iron turnings (steel or cast iron) are used in melting as a precipitator. During the precipitation smelting coal or coke are used as reducing agents, which Melting of crude antimony in the low-tonnage production
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A New Pyrometallurgical Process for Producing
34 Citations Metrics Abstract Antimonial dust is a by-product of lead smelting and an important material for extracting antimony. A new pyrometallurgical process for producing antimony white from the Antimonial dust is a by-product of lead smelting and an important material for extracting antimony. A new pyrometallurgical process for producing antimony white A New Pyrometallurgical Process for Producing Antimony
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Antimony and Antimony Compounds Grund Major
Refining and fine purification techniques are used for production of pure antimony metal. There is growing demand for extremely pure antimony. Antimony oxide Tin is oxidized in the system to form refining compounds and slagged in the oxide form. A loss of antimony with the slag phase was determined to be a consequence Fire Refining of Rough Antimony from Impurities for
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A Review on Pyrometallurgical Extraction of Antimony from
Crude antimony that is produced from any of the upstream processes, is impure and requires further refining to meet commercial and technical criteria; typically ≥99% purity with ≤0.3% arsenic . In addition to arsenic, the other main impurities in crude antimony are lead, copper, iron, and sulfur . Removal of impurities with chemicalThe powdery crude antimony trioxide is reduced by a carbonaceous reductant in a reverberatory furnace at 1,000–1,200 °C to produce crude antimony. Crude antimony can be produced by the precipitation smelting process. The typical pyrometallurgical antimony production process using sulfide ore is shown in Fig. 1.Antimony Metallurgy SpringerLink
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Metals Free Full-Text One-Step Extraction of
A new process for one-step extraction of antimony in low temperature from stibnite concentrate by reductive sulfur-fixation smelting in sodium molten salt, using iron oxide as sulfur-fixing agent, was As a result of research, a method for fire refining of rough antimony was developed to obtain a high-grade metal with a content of not less than 99.65% Sb and not more than 2000 ppm Pb versus (1.4Fire Refining of Rough Antimony from Impurities for
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Development of a process for production high purity Antimony
Our process involves chlorination of commercial grade Sb metal, distillation of crude SbCl3 with 6N HCl, conversion to oxide,reduction of antimony oxide to metal with hydrogen and zone refining.Zhang Xiaoxin et al. [19] treated commercial pure antimony (99.8%) by vacuum distillation-zone refining and achieved good results. Li Liang et al. [21] used vacuum distillation technology to treat lead anode slime with high antimony content, and crude antimony with a purity of 95.2% could be obtained after two distillations.Research of the evaporation law of elemental antimony
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Separation of antimony from lead-antimony alloy by molten
The content of Sb (atomic percent) in the Pb-Sb alloy was reduced from 1% to less than 0.01% (atomic ratio). The recovery principle lies in the different alloying potentials between Ca-Sb and Ca-Pb. Hence, molten salt electrolysis is a promising separation method to recover pure Pb from spent Sb-containing Pb alloys.The main purpose of this study was to separate lead from crude antimony through an oxidation pyro-refining process and by using sodium metaphosphate as a lead elimination reagent.A New Pyrometallurgical Process for Producing Antimony
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Removing antimony from waste lead storage batteries alloy
Generally, removal of antimony from high-antimony lead bullion was treated in reference to the refining process of crude lead with lower antimony content. At present, lead produced by the pyrometallurgical refining process accounts for about 70% of the refined lead in the world and only some of countries, such as Canada, Peru, Japan and Among heteroatom, sulfur is the most abundant with around 0.03–6 wt% in natural gas and crude oils. When the total amount of sulfur is <0.42 %, it is called sweet crude oil, while when the amount of sulfur is more than around 0.42 %, it is called sour crude oil. Sulfur-containing compounds are classified into different types, as shown in Fig. 1.Characterization, determination and elimination technologies
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Tin Metallurgy SpringerLink
This includes three processes: pre-smelting treatment of tin concentrate, reduction smelting, and crude tin refining. Pre-Smelting Treatment of Tin Concentrate. The processes such as roasting, magnetic separation, leaching, and sintering are used to reduce or remove the impurities such as sulfur, arsenic, antimony, lead, iron, and tungsten.Refining and fine purification techniques are used for production of pure antimony metal. There is growing demand for extremely pure antimony. Antimony oxide is being used as flame retardant in increasing quantities. Antimony is a component of many lead and tin alloys, which are important materials for making bearings and solders.Antimony and Antimony Compounds Grund Major
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A Review on Pyrometallurgical Extraction of Antimony from
Crude antimony that is produced from any of the upstream processes, is impure and requires further refining to meet commercial and technical criteria; typically ≥99% purity with ≤0.3% arsenic . In addition to arsenic, the other main impurities in crude antimony are lead, copper, iron, and sulfur . Removal of impurities with chemicalCrude antimony that is produced from any of the upstream processes, is impure and requires further refining to meet commercial and technical criteria; typically ≥99% purity with ≤0.3% arsenic . In addition to arsenic, the other main impurities in crude antimony are lead, copper, iron, and sulfur . Removal of impurities with chemicalA Review on Pyrometallurgical Extraction of Antimony from
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Separation and recovery of tin and copper from tin refining
Sulfur slag is a high-value hazardous waste produced during the refining process of crude tin. To reduce the emission of wastewater, harmful gas, and hazardous residue, a theoretical and experimental investigation was carried out to develop a new process for converting metal to metal sulfide that utilizes physical differences (saturated The antimony recovery rate was 92 %, and a 99.7 % pure antimony oxide distillate was obtained. Binz et al. [75] developed a bottom-up process to recover antimony from lead-refining residues.Recovery of Antimony Trioxide Flame Retardants from Lead Refining
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Antimony and Antimony Compounds Grund Wiley Online
Refining and fine purification techniques are used for production of pure antimony metal. There is growing demand for extremely pure antimony. Antimony oxide is being used as flame retardant in increasing quantities. Antimony is a component of many lead and tin alloys, which are important materials for making bearings and solders.mined, the refining processes are in variably identical. Only a small portion, perhaps 0.5%, of current world produc tion is available from mines worked spe cifically for bismuth ore. Table IV is a survey of the processes available for extracting the bismuth as bullion. When bismuth concentrate, typically oxide or JOM • June 19921992 Review Extractive Metallurgy -===========:=1
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Producing Metallic Antimony with Low Arsenic Content from Antimony
In this process, smelting-refining of antimony concentrate was carried out via addition of sodium plumbite (Na2PbO2) or lead oxide (PbO) which oxidized arsenic Terlikbayeva et al. [88] developed
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